(b) Prohibition of discrimination or segregation under the Act.—Section 202 of this Act (42 U.S.C. 2000a–1) is amended by inserting “gender (including sexual orientation and gender identity)” before “or national origin.” In addition, the impact of the ERA depends to a large extent on how it is interpreted and applied. Constitutional protection against discrimination and existing legal protection are hollow without vigorous implementation. Therefore, in addition to ratifying the ERA, it is crucial that the public holds policymakers accountable for the ERA`s gender equality promise and pushes for additional anti-discrimination measures that may reach areas beyond the direct control of the ERA. Women and people of all genders still face countless challenges – but the recognition of their equality in the nation`s founding document should not be one of them. 2. A single case of discrimination may have more than one basis. For example, discrimination against a same-sex married couple could be based on the gender stereotype that marriage should only exist between heterosexual couples, the sexual orientation of both people in the couple, or both. Discrimination against a pregnant lesbian can be based on her sex, sexual orientation, pregnancy or on the basis of several factors.
The current minimum wage has not kept pace with the cost of living and does not provide a living wage for many women working in high-cost areas. Yet it remains a crucial element of federal laws that protect women`s interests in the workplace, and has served as a model for many state laws that impose higher minimum wages, such as California, New York, and the District of Columbia. b) The head of each Agency shall consider as soon as possible and in an appropriate manner and in accordance with applicable law, including the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.), whether such agency acts should be reviewed, suspended or repealed or whether new Agency measures should be adopted to the extent necessary to comply with laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex, and fully transpose the Directive set out in Section 1 of this Regulation. 1. Discrimination may be based on a person`s sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or pregnancy, childbirth or associated health status, as well as gender stereotypes. Each of these factors alone can serve as a basis for discrimination, and each is a form of discrimination based on sex. EDITOR`S NOTE: The same is the text of the Equal Pay Act 1963 (Pub. L. 88-38) (EPO), as amended, as set out in Section 206(d) of Volume 29 of the United States Code. The EPA, which is part of the Fair Labour Standards Act of 1938, as amended (FLSA), and administered and enforced by the EEOC, prohibits wage discrimination between men and women in the same institution who perform work that requires substantially equal skills, effort and responsibilities under similar working conditions.
References to the EPO in the form that has entered into force are indicated in italics after the section header. Additional provisions of the Equal Pay Act of 1963, as amended, are contained in Volume 29 of the United States Code. (6) Regular and persistent discrimination against LGBTQ individuals and women in access to public housing contributes to negative social and economic consequences and, in the case of state and local government-run public housing, shortens the constitutional rights of individuals. (1) in Section 802 (42 U.S.C. 3602) by adding at the end the following: “(p) `gender identity`, `gender` and `sexual orientation` have the meanings given to these terms in Section 1101(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. (q) “race”, “skin colour”, “religion”, “gender” (including “sexual orientation” and “gender identity”), “disability”, “marital status” or “national origin” used in respect of a person, include – “(1) the race, colour, religion, gender (including sexual orientation and gender identity), disability, marital status, or national origin of another person with whom the person is or has been associated; and “(c) No negative finding.” – Nothing in section 1101 or any applicable title should be construed as supporting the conclusion that a federal law prohibiting a practice based on sex does not prohibit discrimination based on pregnancy, childbirth or an associated medical condition, sexual orientation, gender identity or gender stereotype.